I have extensive experience with both Java and Kotlin in Android development, using these languages to enhance application functionality in various ways.

In the early stages of my career, I primarily used Java for Android development. Java's robust object-oriented programming features enabled me to create modular and maintainable codebases. I employed inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation to build scalable applications. For instance, I implemented complex business logic and managed asynchronous operations with AsyncTask and later with RxJava for more reactive programming.

In recent years, I have transitioned to using Kotlin due to its modern features and increased productivity. One significant advantage of Kotlin is its null safety, which helps prevent null pointer exceptions—a common source of crashes in Android apps. By utilizing nullable types and the Elvis operator, I can handle null values more gracefully and ensure the app remains stable.

Kotlin's data classes have been incredibly useful for managing data models, as they automatically generate boilerplate code like getters, setters, and `toString()` methods, resulting in cleaner and more concise code.

Kotlin also offers powerful scope functions such as `let`, `run`, `with`, `apply`, and `also`, which contribute to writing more readable and maintainable code. These functions allow for more concise manipulation of objects and reduce the verbosity often associated with Java.

Additionally, Kotlin fully supports object-oriented programming concepts, enabling me to continue using inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation to create modular and reusable code. This is particularly beneficial when working on large projects where code maintainability and scalability are crucial.

Kotlin's interoperability with Java has also been a significant advantage, allowing for a gradual migration of existing Java codebases to Kotlin without any disruptions.

By leveraging the features of both Java and Kotlin, I have enhanced application functionality, improved code quality, and ensured a more stable and maintainable codebase.